How ELDT works
Five steps from permit to skills test
- 1
Hold a CLP
Get your commercial learner's permit from your state before behind-the-wheel training on public roads.
- 2
Complete theory
Learn every theory unit. The provider's assessment requires an overall score of at least 80 percent.
- 3
Train behind the wheel
Practice range skills and public-road driving. Your instructor evaluates and documents proficiency; there is no federal hour minimum.
- 4
Provider reports
A registered provider sends your completion to FMCSA's Training Provider Registry by midnight of the second business day.
- 5
Take the state test
Your state confirms the record before the skills test, or before the knowledge test for the hazardous materials endorsement.
Curriculum map
Every unit, and where to study it
Behind-the-wheel: public road
Performed on public roads with a qualified instructor. Five topics are discussed on the road without a required performance.
Lessons here explain the skill and common mistakes. Only real practice with a qualified instructor builds and proves the skill.
4 of 7 performed road skills have a dedicated on-site lesson
- Dedicated lesson4
- Related lesson3
Behind-the-Wheel—Public Road
12 units- A3.1Related lesson
Vehicle Controls, Turns, Lane Changes, Highway Curves, and Controlled-Access Entry/Exit
Control the vehicle in traffic: turns, lane changes, curves, and entering and leaving controlled-access highways.
- Right and left turns
- Lane changes and merging
- Curves and highway entry and exit
- A3.2Related lesson
Shifting and Transmission
Shift smoothly and choose the right gear in real traffic and on grades.
- Gear selection in traffic
- Shifting before hills and curves
- Staying in gear through intersections
- A3.3Dedicated lesson
Communications and Signaling
Signal intentions and communicate presence to other road users on public roads.
- Timely signals
- Eye contact and position
- Horn and lights
- A3.4Dedicated lesson
Visual Search
Scan ahead, to the sides, and behind with regular mirror checks while driving on public roads.
- Eye lead time
- Mirror routine
- Intersection searches
- A3.5Dedicated lesson
Speed and Space Management
Manage speed and space in real traffic, weather, and road conditions.
- Following distance
- Speed for conditions
- Space cushion on all sides
- A3.6Related lesson
Safe Driver Behavior
Drive calmly and courteously, avoid distraction, and make safe decisions under pressure.
- Avoiding distraction
- Managing aggressive drivers
- Staying calm under pressure
- A3.7Dedicated lesson
Hours of Service Activities
Practice the hours-of-service tasks that go with a real trip, such as recording duty status.
- Duty status changes
- Required breaks
- Accurate records
- A3.8Discussed on the road
Hazard Perception
Discuss with your instructor how to recognize and respond to hazards you encounter on the road.
- Early hazard clues
- Response planning
- Escape paths
- A3.9Discussed on the road
Railroad-Highway Grade Crossing
Discuss railroad crossing procedures with your instructor, including when you must stop.
- Approach and search
- Required stops
- Clearing the tracks
- A3.10Discussed on the road
Night Operation
Discuss the risks of night driving and how to manage lighting, glare, and fatigue.
- Lighting
- Glare
- Fatigue
- A3.11Discussed on the road
Extreme Driving Conditions
Discuss how to prepare for and drive in bad weather and on steep grades.
- Weather preparation
- Traction
- Grades
- A3.12Discussed on the road
Skid Control, Jackknifing, and Other Emergencies
Discuss how to prevent and recover from skids, jackknifes, and other emergencies.
- Skid causes
- Recovery
- Emergency responses
Other ELDT pathways
Class B and endorsements have their own curricula
Each pathway has its own federal appendix. Training for one does not complete another.
- Appendix B
Class B
Theory and behind-the-wheel training for straight trucks and buses. Coupling and uncoupling are not part of Class B.
General Knowledge practice - Appendix C
Passenger (P)
Theory plus behind-the-wheel training in a passenger vehicle, covering loading, emergencies, and passenger safety.
Passenger practice - Appendix D
School bus (S)
Theory plus behind-the-wheel training covering danger zones, loading and unloading, and railroad crossings.
School Bus practice - Appendix E
Hazardous materials (H)
Theory only, followed by the state knowledge test. No behind-the-wheel portion is required.
Hazardous Materials practice
